FREEDOM TOWER
Selling city's heritage to the highest bidder
as printed in the Miami Herald: Tuesday,
June 28th, 2005
BY BECKY ROPER MATKOV
info@dadeheritagetrust.org
A tidal wave of high-rise condominiums is sweeping
over Miami.
City zoning laws -- allowing developers to use adjacent public
parks, streets, the bay, even submerged lands, as if these public
assets were their own property in determining the allowable size
of a project -- are producing architectural monsters. These behemoths
may bring riches to the developer and inflate the
city's tax
base in the short term, but they are negatively impacting adjacent
historic structures, overwhelming traditional neighborhoods and
diminishing precious green space.
The impact of the current zoning laws is especially egregious
on historic neighborhoods and landmarks. Morningside, Bayside,
Coconut Grove, Spring Garden and the Roads have had to defend
themselves against oversized development projects that would
overwhelm quiet neighborhoods of graceful old homes.
The most outrageous is the project being developed by the new
owners of Miami's famous landmark, the Miami News/Freedom Tower.
They are proposing a gigantic 62-story condo, almost four times
the height of the Freedom Tower, that would encompass two lots
and a railroad track, demolish the back of the Tower and erase
from the skyline Miami's most recognized and revered icon.
The Freedom Tower was built at 600 Biscayne Blvd. in 1925 as
the Miami News Building. It was designed by the renowned New
York architectural firm Schultze and Weaver, architects for Grand
Central Station and the Waldorf Astoria in New York and the Biltmore
Hotel in Coral Gables. The 17-story structure was modeled after
the 16th-century Giralda Bell Tower in Seville, Spain. For 32
years it housed the reporters, editors and printing presses of
Miami's oldest paper. From 1962 through 1974, when thousands
of Cubans fleeing Fidel Castro poured into Miami, the building
was christened ''The Freedom Tower.'' It served as a processing
center, offering food, medical care and assistance in resettling
in America. More than 400,000 Cubans went through the Freedom
Tower's doors, all with memories and stories that they will never
forget.
The Tower was restored in 1988 as an elegant ballroom. The National
Trust for Historic Preservation hosted its President's Gala there
in 1992, with hundreds of national leaders admiring the beauty
of this National Register building.
When the foreign owners of the Freedom Tower had legal and financial
troubles, the Tower was closed in 1993, then left empty and
vandalized for several years.
In 1997 Dade Heritage Trust succeeded
in a campaign to acquire state CARL (Conservation and Recreational
Land) funding to purchase the Freedom Tower as a Visitor Welcome
Center and Museum. Before the state could purchase the Tower,
the Mas family bought it for $4.2 million, saying that they
would use their own funds to restore the building as a first-class
Cuban museum. Despite several years of work, the project never
opened.
In the fall, Miami-Dade County proposed buying the Freedom Tower
for use by the Historical Museum of Southern Florida, planning
to use general-obligation-bond funding to do so. The Mas family
decided to sell instead to a developer who would now trivialize
this historic monument by making it an appendage of a mammoth
condo.
For 80 years the Miami News/Freedom Tower has been Miami's defining
landmark, a beacon for ships at sea, an instantly recognized
landmark in postcards, books and news footage. It is Florida's
Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island, a national symbol of American
generosity and refugees' hopes and dreams. If there is any building
worth saving in Miami's skyline, worth fighting to preserve in
all its architectural integrity, it is the Freedom Tower. This
is where the city of Miami must draw the line and say, ``No --
we will not sell our historic soul.''
Becky Roper Matkov is the executive director of Dade Heritage
Trust, Miami's largest historic preservation
nonprofit organization.